Terézin's Small Fortress
Story l Map


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1 Entrance gate
2 Administration court
3 Reception office (Geschäftszimmer). This is where records of prisoners were kept. It was managed by the deputy prison commander W .Schmidt who was sentenced and executed after World War Two.
4 Guards' office (Wachstube). This is where prisoners' letters were censored and inmates interrogated.
5 Prison commander's office. The post was held throughout the war by Heinrich Jöckel who was notorious for his cruelty. He was sentenced and executed in 1946.
6 Clothes store (Kammer), headed by K. Wachholz. This is where prisoners had to change their clothes for mainly discarded military uniforms of the defeated armies' soldiers. Wachholz was sentenced to death in East Germany in 1968.
7 Gate with inscription "Arbeit macht frei". The inscription was typical of most Nazi concentration camps and untypical of a Gestapo prison. It served as an entrance to the first courtyard.
8 First courtyard. It is divided into Blocks A and B with 17 mass cells and 20 solitary confinements. The courtyard used to be inhabited by up to 1 ,500 inmates.
9 Up to 100 prisoners were crowded in the cells. The so-called Russian cell (No.1) was used for Soviet citizens, while cells Nos.2 and 3 were used for Jews arrested for political activities andviolating anti-Jewish regulations. Both groups were treated in an inhuman way.
10 Surgery. It was used by the officially appointed police doctor B.Krönert of Litomefice.
11 Firstcourtyard's commander's office. It was headed by A.Neubauer and later S. Rojko -both of them sentenced after the war . This is where working kommandos were put together and records of prisoners in cells were kept.
12 Solitary confinements. They were used to isolate inmates sentenced to be severely punished orexecuted, orthosewhose interrogations were not finished.
13 Bathroom and delousing room.
14 Sick room. This is where imprisoned doctors attended the sick.
15 The so-called show shaving-room which was adjusted in 1944 and designed to show how the prison authorities kept sanitary precautions.
16 Hospital block (Krankenrevier). This is where hundreds of prisoners died of typhoid fever under horrible conditions at the end of the war. In 1944, the women's section was moved here temporarily.
17 Underground passage. It is part of the original fortification system, but it was not used during World War T wo. It leads to the place where prisoners were executed.
18 Mortuary. This is where corpses of tortured prisoners were kept. They were burned in the Bohusovice crematorium since 1942.
19 Placeofexecution. Atthe Small Fortress, they began toexecute prisoners in 1943. Some 250 inmates were shot to death. The biggest execution was carried out on May 2, 1945 when 52 people were killed, mostly members of resistance organisations (e.g.Vanguard). The gal- lows were used only once to hang three prisoners. A tun- nel in the mound leads to mass graves.
20 Mass graves. 601 corpses were exhumed from them in the summer of 1945. They were reburied at the Natio- nal cemetery.
21 Gate of Death. This is where prisoners had to pass on their way to the place of execution.
22 Swimming pool. It was built in 1942 and used by the guards' families to swim. It was constructed by students of Roudnice and Jewish prisoners who were tortured and beaten while working.
23 Cinema. It was established in 1942 for the guards. Today it is used to show documentary films about Terezin. The anteroom serves as an exhibition hall.
24 Fourth couriyard. Its con- struction began in 1943 and the first prisoners came in the autumn of 1944. At the end of the war, over 3,000 inmates lived and nearly died here.
25 Fourth courtyard's administration building. Today it holds the earth from concentration camps where the prisoners were sent from the Small Fortress.
26 Individual mass cells (lett) held 400-600 people. In cell No.44, prisoners marked XVZ who were to be executed, were concentrated (they were also among the killed on May 2, 1945). Today, two of the cells serve as an exhibition hall.
27 Cells in courtyard's raised part and warning gallows. Atter three persons failed to escape from cell No.38 in March 1945, one of the escapees and t wo other men and a woman selected at random, were executed as a warning in the courtyard's corner. The remaining two were caught and stoned to death in a court near the solitary confirlements in the first courtyard.
28 Solitary confinements in fourth couriyard. In 1945 they were used as mass cells.
29 SS-barracks. This is where 120 SS-guards were lodged. It is now the museum's exhibition hall and gallery
30 The so-called Lord's House. This is where the prison commander as weIl as some guards with their families stayed. Today there are the Monument's ottices.
31 Second courtyard. There were mostly workshops where the inmates worked. This part of the Small Fortress is not open for visitors.
32 Canteen. It served for the prison statt.
33 Third courtyard. It was reserved for w omen singe June 1942. In 1944, the first working transport for the Litomence concentration camp was lodged here temporarily.
34 National cemetery. It was filled gradually between 1945 and 1958. There are corpses of some 10,000 victims from the Small Fortress, Terezin ghetto and Litomence concentration camp. 2,386 are buried in individual graves.

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